The journey to Jessore Court begins

In April 7, the Governor General increased the number of civil courts in Bengal greatly. What was formerly half a dozen, now more than double its number. A new court was established at Murali, which had jurisdiction or jurisdiction over the whole of Jessore and Faridpur and 28 parganas on the eastern side of the Ichamati river. Murali was the headquarters of this district (or Republic). Because it was the headquarters of the Muslim government and so did the British. Murali was designated as the headquarters of the new court because of its close proximity to the royal palace. The newly established court or civil court is generally called the Murali or Jessore court. During the transfer from Murali to the court, the previous name of the court also changed.

Magistrates
In the government order which the court was established, it was further stated that the powers conferred on the judges, faujdars and policemen of this court would also be exercised and thus the posts of faujdars and policemen were abolished throughout Bengal. The fighters became senior police officers and the post of police officer was changed to acting police officer. The horrific incidents of abuse of power and intense persecution of the policemen and policemen were the main reason behind the abolition of the post. At the same time an English officer in the district was supposed to transfer all their powers. One of the judges used to be a magistrate in conducting policing activities. He was replaced by a faujdar only as a police officer, and at the same time as a magistrate, the police officer was subordinated to the police officer. ৫০

Criminal system
The real name of the district magistracy is derived from the word "criminal". This term was used to describe magisterial jurisdiction. However, the activities of the criminal court have changed completely. Now it has become an institution limited to judicial activities. But when it was first established in 5, it was the only police-dominated organization. In those days, it was the duty of magistrates to handle the police only. He could only take offense but he had nothing to do with the trial.

The collection of revenue came into the hands of the East India Company for some years before the fugitives took full control of the country. With the opening of the doors to the history of British rule, they took steps to regularize the Muslim revenue collection system. We can get an idea of ​​the nature of the account system that is transferred from the old landlords. These old zamindars were a rebellious group who were independent and careless about timely payment of revenue. They loved to fight each other and take over their weak neighbors. Until they paid their revenue and repaid their debts, the Nawabs employed the military governor of small power in each district. These military officers were called faujdar. The faujdar wanted to be on behalf of the nawab so that the zamindars could freely pay their revenue and they were safe. From the Nawabs the zamindars had the power to take military authority in the country, where the zamindars were the nobility of the Nawab. Beyond just doing this, the criminals probably didn't think about anything else.

When the British took over the revenue system of the country, the activities of the faujdars were different from the responsibilities imposed during the Muslim rule. The British administrative thinking was not the establishment of military rule, and because of this the soldiers became the next senior police officers. They are part of the entire police system established by Warren Hastings and created various positions under them; For example, the police officer in the police station or a small jurisdiction. During the Muslim rule there were two faujdars in Jessore, one at Bhushan and the other at Mirznagar. These two criminals later started the Jessore police system. This was the film of Jessore district in the pre-established English administration.

The doorman
Another officer who was able to handle the trial for the accused was the doorman and two of the jurisdictions in Murali's jurisdiction. One was in Jessore, the other was Bhushan. The Dargah was only under the authority of the Nazim of Murshidabad, and the government was fully aware of it. The magistrates were instructed not to exercise any authority over the gatekeepers. However, Nizam never surrendered to the British government the power to judge and punish him. The British government also had no authority over the doorkeepers, although they intended to keep the magistrates in line with the administration of the criminal justice system. That is why the British government directed Nazim to instruct the darogas to submit a report to the magistrate on trial every month.

Originally the clerk's power was extremely low. He was not a judge capable of judging a criminal, but the real party was an officer who would only report on the case to the Nazim (or the officer who appointed the Nazim to look after it). He could have solved a small number of cases by brief trial, but in small numbers these cases were very few because he had to send reports of more cases to the Nizam for trial.

The role of the tailor as the sole public servant
The only government official in a district was a janitor. Who had the authority to do everything in public administration. The janitor's duty was to arrange for the trial of the robbers, robbers and murderers who were arrested from the zamindar. He could have received a direct complaint from the prosecutor. His ability to handle large cases other than small cases was limited because in all other cases he had to take the procurement from the government and the judgment of the government for the accused was considered final. Neither the theoretical nor the practical ability of the zamindars was monitored in any way.

And the only goal of the government in operating this system was to achieve revenue. As long as the zamindars were paying revenue to the government, all the functions of the administration were vested in the zamindar. He could handle the administration the way he wanted. The zamindar was the sole authority of the field administration. The government was only monitored by the government. And the consequences of such an administration can easily be estimated. Sir J.Westland said in his report in 1 "that even the best and most efficient man in the world, would fail to be an administrator if he was sent to govern those without any control or supervision, whose interests in almost every case were completely the interests of that person (the administrator). The opposite And this could be worse when a notorious class discriminator, the Bengali zamindar, governs his subjects with himself and his corrupt subordinates. He was responsible for keeping all kinds of powers in his hands. The character of the zamindars has not changed for the next 3 years. Even today, at the doorstep of this enlightened century, they want to abrogate the demands of justice for the benefit of the individual only. ”The zamindars followed the instructions of the government and administrative functions were vested on the subordinates chosen by it. This selection did not take into account the merits and integrity of the selection but rather the clever activity in carrying out the tasks which were in the interests of the master. The common people not only survived by paying the zamindars, but also suffered the oppression of the subordinates of the zamindars. Thus, a wealthy feudal class emerged between the people and the zamindars in the then society. The zamindars also used the contractual police forces under their control to carry out their evil intentions. Due to such brutal acts of the police, the robbers and robbers were able to do their work freely. They sometimes formed alliances with the police, even meeting with the zamindars and their high-ranking officials to carry out their activities.

The allegation of wrongdoing was meaningless. It was only a matter of interest of the landlord and his subordinates to decide whether or not to take action. In this case the complainant was very unlikely to be saved. Because the zamindar subordinates often committed these evils and were subjected to the oppressor's role. Therefore, it was not difficult for them to find the accused and punish them.

Prison system
A janitor was in charge of all the records and prisons. The magistrate had specific monitoring powers to monitor the effectiveness of the judgment delivered by Nazim. The magistrates sent a proposal to the British Government regarding the conduct of the accused. It was through magistrates that the Daroga Naib accepted the declaration of judgment issued by Nazim. In one case, the magistrate complained to the government that Bhushan's Dargah refused to allow one of his sent officers to look into the execution of the verdict. In the case of jail, the jailer was obliged to accept the prior permission of the magistrate of all the repairs of the jail before sending it to the Nizam. That was the structure of the criminal administration established in the 5th. A juror who administered judicial affairs and a magistrate who served an executive power was an English officer.